Neurology

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, and is responsible for perception, movement control, thinking, emotions, and the regulation of life functions. In contrast, the peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the various parts of the body, playing a role in movement, sensation, and the regulation of autonomic functions.

It deals with the diagnosis and treatment of various neurological problems. These include diseases such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and many other neurological disorders. Damage to the nervous system is often not a standalone condition but may appear as a complication of diseases affecting other organs or systems.

When should you consult a neurologist?

• If you are concerned about a cerebrovascular event, especially if someone in your family has previously had a stroke.
• If you experience persistent lower back pain that limits movement and radiates to the leg: this is often caused by herniation or bulging of the intervertebral discs in the lower spine, which can put pressure on the nerve roots emerging from the spine.
• If you experience unilateral, stabbing (migraine-like) or a head-tightening headache.
• If you experience forgetfulness or memory loss: a dementia test can help determine the cause, which is most commonly related to cerebrovascular problems or Alzheimer's disease. With proper medication and mental training, cognitive decline can be slowed down, and in some cases, stopped.
• If you have a shuffling, small-step gait or hand tremors: Parkinson's disease may be a possibility. A decrease in the brain’s dopamine levels can be treated with medication to significantly improve symptoms.
• If you experience prolonged, recurrent dizziness: such conditions require both neurological and ear, nose, and throat evaluations. In most cases, symptoms improve significantly within days with appropriate treatment.
• If you have epilepsy or multiple sclerosis.
• If you have sleep problems, such as:
  • Difficulty falling asleep
  • Frequent night awakenings or waking up too early in the morning
  • Snoring, sleep apnea, or breathing pauses during sleep
  • Fatigue upon waking (even after adequate sleep)
  • Daytime sleepiness, fatigue, or unintended sleep episodes
  • Decreased performance and concentration
  • Restless sleep, tossing and turning (possibly sleepwalking or kicking during sleep)